Consumer Behavior in the Functional Beverage Sector: A Systematic Review of Influencer Marketing, Brand Awareness and Perceived Homophily
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t70101Abstract
The functional beverage products such as kombucha have gained prominence within the trends of consumption owing to their health benefits and natural production processes. However, the foundations of consumer behavior are still scattered in the academic literature, especially regarding influencer marketing, brand awareness, and perceived homophily. The structured review was conducted according to the PRISMA framework, and 34 peer-reviewed articles were identified and reviewed across major academic databases such as ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, and SpringerLink. The findings reveal that influencer marketing impacts customer behavior through credibility, authenticity, trust and engagement. Brand awareness increases recognition, reduces ambiguity and facilitates informed consumption choices. Perceived homophily strengthens persuasion through relatability and social identification between the influencer and the consumer. The review reveals the interactive effects of these aspects via communicative, cognitive and social mechanisms on consumer behavior. The report also highlights the absence of comprehensive research in the context of growing kombucha market in Uganda. This study provides a consistent synthesis of dispersed findings and advances an integrated perspective on consumer behavior. It also offers useful insights for marketers looking to promote consumption through credible influencer campaigns, solid brand positioning and socially relevant communication.
Keywords: consumer behavior, influencer marketing, brand awareness, perceived homophily, functional beverages, comprehensive literature review
References
Aaker, D. A. (1996). Building strong brands. Free Press.
Appel, G., Grewal, L., Hadi, R., & Stephen, A. T. (2020). The future of social media in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(1), 79–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00695-1
Audrezet, A., de Kerviler, G., & Moulard, J. G. (2020). Authenticity under threat: When social media influencers need to go beyond self-presentation. Journal of Business Research, 117, 557–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.008
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Briner, R. B., & Denyer, D. (2012). Systematic review and evidence synthesis as a practice and scholarship tool. In D. M. Rousseau (Ed.), Handbook of evidence-based management: Companies, classrooms and research (pp. 112–129). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199763986.003.0007
Brown, J. J., & Reingen, P. H. (1987). Social ties and word-of-mouth referral behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(3), 350–362. https://doi.org/10.1086/209118
Bu, Y., Parkinson, J., & Thaichon, P. (2022). Influencer homophily and consumer behaviour: The role of parasocial interaction and source credibility. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 66, 102904.
Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C., & Ibáñez-Sánchez, S. (2020). Influencers on Instagram: Antecedents and consequences of opinion leadership. Journal of Business Research, 117, 510–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.005
De Veirman, M., Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through Instagram influencers: The impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36(5), 798–828. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1348035
Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities' Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.009
Greenwalt, C. J., Ledford, R. A., & Steinkraus, K. H. (2000). Determination and characterization of the antimicrobial activity of the fermented tea kombucha. Journal of Food Protection, 63(7), 976–981. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-63.7.976
Grunert, K. G. (2011). Sustainability in the food sector: A consumer behaviour perspective. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2010.09.005
Gusenbauer, M., & Haddaway, N. R. (2020). Which academic search systems are suitable for systematic reviews or meta-analyses? Evaluating retrieval qualities of Google Scholar, PubMed, and 26 other resources. Research Synthesis Methods, 11(2), 181–217. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1378
Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 29(1), 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2011.08.008
Jayabalan, R., Malbaša, R. V., Lončar, E. S., Vitas, J. S., & Sathishkumar, M. (2014). A review on kombucha tea—Microbiology, composition, fermentation, beneficial effects, toxicity, and tea fungus. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(4), 538–550. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12073
Jin, S. V., Muqaddam, A., & Ryu, E. (2019). Instafamous and social media influencer marketing. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 37(5), 567–579. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-09-2018-0375
Joshi, Y., & Rahman, Z. (2015). Factors affecting green purchase behaviour and future research directions. International Strategic Management Review, 3(1–2), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ism.2015.04.001
Kamboj, S., Sarmah, B., Gupta, S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2020). Examining branding co-creation in brand communities on social media: Applying the paradigm of stimulus–organism–response. Journal of Business Research, 117, 565–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.056
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003
Keller, K. L. (2001). Building customer-based brand equity. Marketing Management, 10(2), 14–19.
Ki, C. W. C., Cuevas, L. M., Chong, S. M., & Lim, H. (2020). Influencer marketing: Social media influencers as human brands attaching to followers and yielding positive marketing results by fulfilling needs. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, 102133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102133
Kim, D. Y., & Kim, H. Y. (2021). Influencer advertising on social media: The multiple inference model on influencer–product congruence and sponsorship disclosure. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 60, 102478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102478
Lee, J. E., & Watkins, B. (2016). YouTube vloggers' influence on consumer luxury brand perceptions and intentions. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 575–582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.010
Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 19(1), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1533501
Macdonald, E. K., & Sharp, B. M. (2000). Brand awareness effects on consumer decision making for a common, repeat purchase product: A replication. Journal of Business Research, 48(1), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(98)00070-8
McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., & Cook, J. M. (2001). Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 415–444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Netemeyer, R. G., Krishnan, B., Pullig, C., Wang, G., Yagci, M., Dean, D., Ricks, J., & Wirth, F. (2004). Developing and validating measures of facets of customer-based brand equity. Journal of Business Research, 57(2), 209–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(01)00303-4
Ohanian, R. (1990). Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers' perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Journal of Advertising, 19(3), 39–52.
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Peattie, K. (2010). Green consumption: Behavior and norms. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 35, 195–228. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-032609-094328
Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2006). Systematic reviews in the social sciences: A practical guide. Blackwell Publishing.
Sheth, J. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on consumer behavior: Will the old habits return or die? Journal of Business Research, 117, 280–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.059
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Sokolova, K., & Kefi, H. (2020). Instagram and YouTube bloggers promote it, why should I buy? How credibility and parasocial interaction influence purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53, 101742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.011
Thomas, J., & Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-8-45
Tamang, J. P., Watanabe, K., & Holzapfel, W. H. (2016). Fermented foods in a global age: East meets West. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, 377. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00377
Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00375
Vermeir, I., & Verbeke, W. (2006). Sustainable food consumption: Exploring the consumer attitude–behavioural intention gap. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 19(2), 169–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-005-5485-3
Villarreal-Soto, S. A., Beaufort, S., Bouajila, J., Souchard, J. P., & Taillandier, P. (2018). Understanding kombucha tea fermentation: A review. Journal of Food Science, 83(3), 580–588.
Wang, S. W., & Scheinbaum, A. C. (2018). Enhancing brand credibility via celebrity endorsement: Trustworthiness trumps attractiveness and expertise. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 17(5), e16–e32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1775
White, K., Habib, R., & Hardisty, D. J. (2019). How to SHIFT consumer behaviors to be more sustainable: A literature review and guiding framework. Journal of Marketing, 83(3), 22–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242919825649
Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lee, S. (2000). An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 195–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070300282002